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Slums in Chennai
Chennai is the capital city of the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu and is the fourth largest metropolitan city in the country. A total of 29% of Chennai population resided in slums as of 2011. The state government of Tamil Nadu has established a Slum clearance Board, with a minister heading it.
==Demographics==
According to the 2011 slum population Survey of India, 29% of Chennaities were living in slums. It is third in the list among Mumbai (40%) and Kolkota (30%). The other big cities New Delhi had 15% and Bangalore had 9% people residing in the slums.
As of the provisional population totals of 2001, the slums in Chennai 10,79,414 persons, which constituted 25.6% of the total population of the city. Madurai and Trichy had 19% and 22% of the population living in slums. Out of the totals in Chennai, 548,517 were males and rest were 530,897 females. The child sex ratio was 968 females to every 1,000 males compared to the non-slum sex-ratio of 945. The literacy rate of the slum population was 80.09% with 85.77% in males and 74.21% in females. There were a total of 125,725 households constituting 81,128 permanent (64.53%), 22,415 semi-permanent (17.83%) and 22,182 temporary households (17.64%). 66.96% of houses had single rooms, 24.19% had two, 5.85% had three and 2.17% had more than three rooms. There were totally 70,689 (56.23%) own houses, 50,764 (40.38%) rented houses and 4,272 (3.39%) other houses. Only 26% of the total population had access to water in the houses, while majority travel at least 500m to get drinking water. Handpumps and pipes are the major sources of water. There were 38,838 (30.89%) hand pumps, 53,556 (42.60%) water pipes, 3,162 (2.52%) tube wells, 4,665 wells and 25,062 (19.93%) other sources of water. Only 79.41% of the slum dwellers had access to electricity and 1,409 households had no access to lighting. Around 34% of the households had no latrines, resulting in spread of diseases. Around 43.87% households had radio while 60.07% households had televisions.〔Chandra, pp. 82-88〕
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